| |
Abrasion
Resistance: Label surface resistance to something that rubs
against it, including the label material itself, ink, or a protective
coating . |
|
| |
Abrasiveness: The tendency of a paper, paper coating, or
ink to abrade or dull die edges, slitting blades, and printing plates
due to friction |
|
| |
Accelerated Aging: Procedures for subjecting pressure sensitive
label material to special environmental conditions in order to predict
the course of natural aging . |
|
| |
Acetates: Transparent and cellulose films used as face materials;
cellulose is a plant product . |
|
| |
Acrylic Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Acrylic
. |
|
| |
Acrylic Based Adhesive: See: Adhesive:
Acrylic Based . |
|
| |
Adhesion/Adherence: A bond established upon contact between
two surfaces . |
|
| |
Adhesive: A substance capable of holding materials together
by surface attachment . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Acrylic: A pressure sensitive adhesive
based on high-strength, acrylic polymers .It can be coated as a solvent
or emulsion . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Acrylic Based: A pressure sensitive adhesive with
acrylic polymer base . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Aqueous: A water-based pressure sensitive
adhesive . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Cold Temperature: An adhesive that adheres
to refrigerated or frozen substrates (generally +35 degrees F or colder)
. |
|
| |
Adhesive: Dry Lap: See: Adhesive:
Pattern Coated . |
|
| |
Adhesive: High Temperature: An adhesive that withstands
sustained, high temperature (+200 degrees F or higher) . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Hot Melt: A pressure sensitive adhesive
that is applied to the release liner at an elevated temperature and
then cools into a conventional, highly-tacky pressure sensitive adhesive
. |
|
| |
Adhesive: Opaque: A darkened adhesive that restricts
printing from showing through the adhesive-coated side of a label
. |
|
| |
Adhesive: Pattern Coated: Refers to the spacing
arrangement of areas of adhesive on the face material that are coated
parallel to the machine direction .Also referred to as dry lap, strip
coated, or zone coated adhesive . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Pattern Gummed: An adhesive coating that alternates
strips of adhesive with non-adhesive areas that is applied parallel
to the machine direction .The non-adhesive areas of the label are
frequently used as lift tabs for order picking labels . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Permanent: A pressure sensitive adhesive characterized
as having relatively high ultimate adhesion to a wide variety of substrates
. The label either cannot be removed intact or requires a great deal
of force to be removed . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Removable: A pressure sensitive adhesive characterized
by low ultimate adhesion . The label can be removed from most substrates
without damaging the surface or leaving adhesive residue or stain
. |
|
| |
Adhesive: Rubber Based: A pressure sensitive adhesive derived
from natural or synthetic rubbers . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Strip Coated: See: Adhesive: Pattern Coated . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Strip Gummed: See: Adhesive:
Pattern Gummed . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Water Based: A pressure sensitive adhesive
derived from water based materials . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Water Soluble: A pressure sensitive
adhesive in which all components are water soluble . |
|
| |
Adhesive: Zone Coated: See: Adhesive:
Pattern Coated . |
|
| |
Adhesive Bleed: The adhesive migration from pressure sensitive
material and labels . |
|
| |
Adhesive Deposit/Adhesive Residue: The pressure sensitive
adhesive remaining on a substrate when a label is removed . |
|
| |
Adhesive Splitting: A condition in which portions of pressure
sensitive adhesive remain on the face material and portions remain
on the substrate when the label is placed under stress or removed
. |
|
| |
Adhesive Strength: See: Peel Adhesion . |
|
| |
Aging: The changes which occur to a material with the passage
of time . |
|
| |
Anchorage: The specific adhesion of a pressure sensitive
material to a substrate . |
|
| |
Anchor Coat: See: Barrier Coat, Primer, Sealer
Coat, Tie Coat . |
|
| |
Anvil Cut Labels: Pressure sensitive labels that are die
cut through all components of the label stock, including the liner
. Also called steel-to-steel, zero tolerance, punched out, or blanked
out labels . |
|
| |
Application: (1) Placement of a label on a substrate . (2)
The conditions under which a label is to be used; the life-cycle of
the label . |
|
| |
Application Temperature: Temperature of a label material
at the time of application . All adhesives have a minimum application
temperature rating . Testing is recommended in minimum and maximum
application temperature situations . |
|
| |
Applicator: A device that automatically feeds and applies
pressure sensitive labels to a substrate or product . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Backing: See: Carrier, Liner, Release Liner . |
|
| |
Back Splits: Linear cuts put in the liner during the coating
process, or while on-press, to meet specialized end use requirements
. |
|
| |
Bar Code/Bar Code Symbol: A specific pattern made of lines
(or bars) and spaces, of varying width, which represent alpha or numeric
data in machine-readable form . |
|
| |
The most general format for a bar code consists of: a lead
margin, a start character, data or message characters, a stop character,
and a trailing margin . There are over 30 bar code symbologies . |
|
| |
Barrier Coat: A coating applied to a face material on the
side opposite the printing surface that lies between the material
and the adhesive coat . It provides increased opacity to the face
material, and/or prevents migration of adhesive to the face material,
and/or improves anchorage of adhesive to the face material . |
|
| |
Battery Label Stock: A durable, acid-resistant label material
designed for the demanding environment associated with automotive
batteries . |
|
| |
Blocking: Adhesion between sheets or rolls of pressure sensitive
labels usually due to cold flow, improper drying of inks, or improper
curing of coatings and adhesives . |
|
| |
Blown-On Labels: A method of label application that uses
air pressure to remove the label from the carrier and position it
on the substrate . |
|
| |
Break: A tear in a roll of face material or release liner
. |
|
| |
Such
defects are generally spliced and marked by a flag during printing
. |
|
| |
Brightness: The (blue light) reflectivity of a sheet of
paper measured under standardized conditions on an instrument designed
and calibrated specifically for that purpose . |
|
| |
Brittleness: That property of a material which causes it
to break or fail when deformed by bending . It is usually of practical
interest only when the deformation producing failure is small . |
|
| |
Burster: A mechanical device used to separate cross-web
perforations at intermediate locations between labels . |
|
| |
Bursting Strength: The pressure required to rupture a paper
specimen when it is tested with a Mullen instrument under specific
conditions . It is largely determined by the tensile strength and
extensibility of the paper . Also referred to as Mullen . |
|
| |
Butt-Cutt Labels: Rectangular, square-cornered labels in
continuous form that are separated by a single knife cut to the liner
. Typically, the matrix is not removed . |
|
| |
Butt Labels: See: Butt-Cut labels . |
|
| |
Butt Roll: See: Stub Roll . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Calender Finish: A term applied to a paper with a glazed
surface finish created by means of calenders (cast iron rollers with
chilled, hardened surfaces) . Other terms include machine finish,
English finish, super-calendered and calender friction glazed . Semigloss
litho and high gloss paper are examples of calendered paper . |
|
| |
Calender Friction Glazed: See: Calender Finish . |
|
| |
Caliper: The thickness of a sheet of paper or plastic measured
in units of one thousandth of an inch; the measuring units are called
mils or points . |
|
| |
Camera-Ready Art: Black and white or color-separated artwork
supplied in its final form for printing preparation . Typically, it
requires no modification other than photo enlargement or reduction
. |
|
| |
Carrier: See: Backing, Liner, Release Liner . |
|
| |
Cast-Coated Paper: A paper coating which is allowed to harden
or set while in contact with a finishing surface . In general, cast-coated
papers usually have a high gloss finish . |
|
| |
Checking: The presence of hairline cracks in a varnish coating,
lacquer coating, or plastic coating . |
|
| |
Chemical Drum Label: A label of durable material ( like
vinyl, polyester, or Kimdura® which resists adverse conditions associated
with chemical drum containers . |
|
| |
Chemical Resistance: The resistance of a pressure sensitive
label to the deteriorating effects of chemicals, under specified conditions
|
|
| |
Clear Coat: A coating that protects the printing and the
surface of a pressure sensitive label from abrasion, sunlight, chemicals,
moisture, or any combination of these . Varnish and lacquer are examples
of clear coats . |
|
| |
Coat Weight: The amount or weight of coating per unit area
. This is expressed in various units including grams per square meter
or pounds per ream . Applies to adhesives, primers, varnishes, and
lacquers . |
|
| |
Cohesion: The internal strength of a pressure sensitive
adhesive, its resistance to cold flow, and its resistance to failure
(or splitting) when labels are removed or placed under stress . |
|
| |
Cohesive Failure: The breakdown of molecular bond by which
particles of a body, or bodies, are united . |
|
| |
Cohesive Strength: The internal strength of the adhesive
. The measure of a labels resistance to removal . |
|
| |
Cold Flow: The viscous flow of a pressure sensitive adhesive
under stress . |
|
| |
Cold Temperature Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Cold Temperature
. |
|
| |
Colorfastness: The ability of a pressure sensitive label
to retain its true color under normal conditions and/or to resist
change in color when exposed to light, heat, or other influences . |
|
| |
Color Separation: The process of separating a color image
into its component primary printing colors . |
|
| |
Computer Imprintable Labels: Typically, pre-printed or imprinted
utilitarian labels carrying variable information, such as a bar code,
price . |
|
| |
Conditioning: The process of subjecting a material to specific
temperatures and relative humidity conditions for a stipulated period
of time . |
|
| |
(American Society of Testing Material) Conformability: The
ability of a pressure sensitive label to yield to the contours of
a curved or textured surface . |
|
| |
Core/Core Size: Refers to the diameter of the (cardboard)
core in a roll of labels . |
|
| |
Coupon Base: The clear base in a dry peel label construction
. Usually used for instantly redeemable coupons, the clear base is
combined with a face material in a specialized laminating process
. When the printed face material ( or coupon) is removed, the clear
base remains on the substrate . |
|
| |
Crazing: The network of small cracks that can appear in
a varnish coat or plastic face material . They are usually caused
by expansion and contraction during weathering or by excessive solvents
in an ink system . |
|
| |
Creep: The lateral movement of a pressure sensitive label
on a surface due to low cohesive strength . |
|
| |
Cross-Direction: The direction perpendicular ot the machine
direction in the plane of a printing material . |
|
| |
Cross Web: See: Cross-Direction . |
|
| |
Curl: The tendency of paper to bend or warp, either by itself
or because of a coating or laminate . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Deboss: Condition in which an image is depressed below the
normal surface of a material . Embossing has the opposite effect,
creating a raised image . |
|
| |
Declamation: Following application to a substrate, the separation
of a pressure sensitive material into layers in a direction approximately
parallel to the surface . |
|
| |
Decode Rating: See: Scanability . |
|
| |
Destructible Label: See: Tamper-Resistant Label . |
|
| |
Die: The tool or device used for imparting or cutting a
desired shape, form, or finish from a given material . |
|
| |
Die Cut: The actual shape of a pressure sensitive label
made by the cutting edge of a die . |
|
| |
Die Cut Label: Pressure sensitive labels on a release liner
where the matrix, or waste between the labels, usually has been removed
. |
|
| |
Dimensional Stability: The property of a material which
relates to the degree of its ability to retain (or recall) its original
shape or state . |
|
| |
Direct Thermal printing: A specialized printing technology
that uses rapidly-heated pins that selectively activate a heat-sensitive
coating inherent in the face material, thus forming the desired copy
or images . |
|
| |
Dispenser: A device that feeds pressure sensitive labels,
either manually or automatically, in pre-determined units . Dispensers
in box form can serve as containers for a roll of labels . |
|
| |
Dot Matrix Printing: An economical and versatile method
of printing that produces images by printing tiny ink dots closely
together . First, a computer sends data which determines the arrangement
of pins that are to be fired against a ribbon . These pins are in
horizontal and vertical rows on the printing head . As the printing
head moves back and forth across the page, the pins fire (many times
per second), forming an image . |
|
| |
Dots: See: Print Resolution . |
|
| |
Double-Coated: A pressure sensitive product consisting of
a face material with similar or dissimilar adhesives applied to both
sides of the material . |
|
| |
DPI:
Dots per inch; a measure referring to dot resolution in images created
by dot matrix, laser, and thermal printers and imprinters . |
|
| |
Duo-Imaging Mateial: See: Encapsulated Ink, Self-Imaging
Liner, Self-Imaging Piggy back . |
|
| |
Dry Peel: A label construction in which two materials are
bonded together with a dry adhesive . The top ply of the construction
can be removed with no adhesive residue . the bottom ply is typically
made of a clear material, so the substrate can be seen through it
. A common use of this label construction is for instantly redeemable
coupons or for promotions . |
|
| |
Dry Tag: An uncoated tag face material designed to separate
from a liner with no functional adhesive on the tag . |
|
| |
Dwell/Dwell Time: (1) The time during which a pressure sensitive
material remains on a surface before testing for adhesive permanence
or removability . (2) The time during which a hot-stamp, embossing
head, or thermal die remains in contact with the surface of a material
during printing . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
EDP/Electronic Data Processing: Data processing by electronic
equipment . |
|
| |
Pressure
sensitive labels produced for imprinting on this equipment incorporate
in-line hole punching . |
|
| |
Edge Lift: The tendency of the edge of a label to rise off
the substrate . This condition occurs most frequently on small diameter,
curved substrates . Resistance to edge lift is dependent on the bond
strength of the adhesive and the flexibility of the face material
. |
|
| |
Electrostatic Printing: A method of printing in which the
ink is affixed to the face material by electrostatic methods . |
|
| |
Elmendorf Test: A standard test for determining the tearing
strength of paper . |
|
| |
Elongation: The increase in length of a material produced
by extending it to the point of rupture . |
|
| |
Emboss/Embossing: A condition in which an image is pressed
into a material to create an image that is raised above the normal
level of the material . Debossing creates the opposite effect . |
|
| |
Emulsion System: A dispersion of fine particles or globules
in another liquid . Many pressure sensitive adhesives are emulsion
system adhesives . |
|
| |
Encapsulated Ink: Ink encapsulated in a material surface
coating which can be activated by heat or pressure . |
|
| |
English Finish: See: Calendar Finish . |
|
| |
Exposure Temperature: The temperature to which a labeled
product is exposed . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Face Cut Label: A die cut or square cut label from which
the matrix, or waste between labels, has not been removed . |
|
| |
Face Material/Face Stock: Any paper, film, fabric, foil,
or plastic material suitable for converting into pressure sensitive
labels . In a finished construction, the face material is bonded to
an adhesive layer and carried on a liner . It is the functional part
of the construction . |
|
| |
Face Split: A linear cut in face material during coating
or converting to meet specialized end use requirements . |
|
| |
Fade/Fading: A gradual decrease in brilliance of color;
often applies to the change in color produced by prolonged exposure
to light . |
|
| |
Fan-Fold/Fan-Folded Labels: Pressure sensitive labels on
a continuous backing that is perforated, then folded back and forth
along the perforations, so as to create a flat pack . |
|
| |
Feathering:
A defect in printing which is characterized by ragged, uneven,
or coarse edges . |
|
| |
Feed Slots: Round or rectangular holes punched into the
edge of a liner to maintain the register of computer imprintable pressure
sensitive labels during imprinting . Holes can be cleanly cut or in
a starburst . |
|
| |
File Card: Uncoated tag stock frequently used for recording
information . A common material for ultimate use as pressure sensitive
labels . |
|
| |
Film: Plastic face material manufactured from synthetic
high molecular weight polymers . |
|
| |
Examples are: Kimdura®, polyester, polyethylene, and vinyl
. |
|
| |
Finish: The surface property of a paper sheet determined
by its surface contour and gloss . |
|
| |
Terms refering to paper finish include: antique, eggshell,
vellum, machine, English, super-calendered, and plate . |
|
| |
Fish Eyes: Round or eye-shaped deformations in a coating
. |
|
| |
Flag: A marker, usually made of strips of colored paper,
placed in rolls of pressure sensitive materials during printing (or
converting) to designate a deviation from a standard -- such as a
splice, defect, or specification change . It can also mark a specific
length . |
|
| |
Flexibility: A property of face material, measrued under
specified conditions, that indicates how readily it will conform to
curved surfaces . |
|
| |
Flexography: A rotary web letterpress method of printing
characterized by raised-image, flexible rubber plates and fast-drying
inks . |
|
| |
Flow: See: Adhesive Bleed, Cold Flow, Ooze . |
|
| |
Fluorescent Paper: A paper coated with a pigment which reflects
light in such a way that it has a glowing appearance or effect . |
|
| |
Foil: A thin metal sheet used as a face material . |
|
| |
Foil Paper Laminate: A face material consisting of metal
foil laminated to paper . The foil usually carries a clear coat to
improve ink receptivity . |
|
| |
Food Contact Adhesives: Adhesive meeting specified sections
of the Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations .
These regulations cover direct food labeling as well as incidental
contact . Special product recommendations are necessary for specific
applications . |
|
| |
Four Color Process Printing: Printing and reproduction of
full color images using the four process printing colors -- yellow,
cyan, magenta, and black -- to create an image with an infinite number
of resultant colors . |
|
| |
Frozen Edge: The inability to separate a pressure sensitive
label from its liner along one edge . This is generally caused by
an absence of silicone on that edge . |
|
| |
Freezer Grade Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Cold Temperature
. |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Ghosting/Ghosts: Indistinct image patterns appearing as
solids or reverse printing, typically caused by poor ink distribution,
inconsistency in plate and/or substrate thickness, and/or poor base
ink formulation . |
|
| |
Ghost Printing: Involves the use of a low-density screen
to print a ghost-like background image . |
|
| |
Glassine®: A super-calendered, dense transparent or semi-transparent
material manufactured primarily from chemical wood pulps, which have
been beaten to secure a high degree of density in the stock . |
|
| |
Gloss: That property of a surface whcih causes it to have
a mirror-like finish or the ability to specularly reflect light . |
|
| |
Gloss Paper: See: Cast-Coated Paper . |
|
| |
Gravure Printing: An intaglio printing process employing
minute engraved wells . In general principle, the deeply-etched wells
carry more ink than a raised surface, and, therefore, print dark values
. Shallow wells print light values . A scraping device, called a doctor
blade, wipes excess ink from the cylindrical printing surface before
the ink is pressed into the face material . Rotogravure employs etched
cylinders and web-fed stock . Sheet-fed gravure, as its name implies,
involves individual sheet feeding . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Halftone: A method of screening a continuous tone image
(like a photograph) for printing or reproduction . The dots in the
screen vary in size and density, so as to recreate the complete range
of highlights, lowlights, and mid-tones of the original image . |
|
| |
Heavy Coat Weight: A higher -than-standard weight of coating
per unit area . |
|
| |
High Gloss Paper: A cast-coated gloss paper that features
high strength material and excellent ink receptivity . |
|
| |
High Temperature Adhesive: See: Adhesive: High Temperature
. |
|
| |
Holding Power: The ability to withstand stress, involving
both adhesive and cohesive strength . |
|
| |
The term
usually refers to rigid label materials on small diameter cylindrical
objects . |
|
| |
Horizontal Spaces: The horizontal space created by the removed
matrix, revealing only the liner in a pressure sensitive label construction
. |
|
| |
Hot Melt Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Hot Melt . |
|
| |
Hot Stamping: An image producing method that involves a
film carrying a thin leaf of color which is transferred to a material
using heat and pressure . It is commonly used with gold or metallic
leaf, but many colors, patterns, and finishes of leaf are available
. It is especially popular for labels used in the textile and apparel
markets . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Impact Printing: A printing method that uses a hammer striking
a ribbon to transfer ink onto a material . See also: Dot Matrix Printing,
Platen . |
|
| |
Imprinting: Technique in which copy is applied to blank
or previously printed labels with a secondary printing device such
as an imprinter, computer printer, or typewriter . |
|
| |
Ink Jet Printing: A non-impact printing process whereby
fluid ink is projected from a nozzle directly onto a material to form
the desired image . |
|
| |
Intaglio Printing: A method of printing in which an engraved
or acid-etched printing plate (or cylinder) carries ink to the material
surface. The material when pressed against the printing plate, actually
squeezes into the inked grooves and, thereby, receives the image . |
|
| |
Internal Bond: See: Cohesion, Cohesive Strength, Shear . |
|
| |
Inverted Face Material: A facestock that has the adhesive
applied to the surface normally printed upon . |
|
| |
Ion Deposition Printing: An electronic printing process
whereby a static charge is created on a printing cylinder, attracting
toner . The toner is subsequently transferred to a printable surface,
creating the image . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Knife-Cut Labels: See: Butt-Cut Labels . |
|
| |
|
|
| |
Label: The functional portion of a pressure sensitive construction
comprised of the face material and adhesive, cut into various shapes
. |
|
| |
Label Height/Label Length: The vertical measurement on a
label (from top to bottom) when the label is traveling in the machine
direction |
|
| |
Lacquer: A coating applied to a face material for protection
or decoration . Lacquer usually requires ultraviolet curing or drying
. |
|
| |
Ladder: See: Matrix, Skeleton, Waste . |
|
| |
Laminate: A web material formed by bonding two or more materials
. |
|
| |
Laser Printing: Also known as electrophotographic printing,
a process where light, generated from either a laser or diode, creates
a static charge on a photographically-sensitive cylinder . The charged
cylinder attracts toner, which is subsequently transferred to a printable
surface, creating an image . |
|
| |
Latex Paper/Latex-Impregnated Paper: Paper saturated with
latex during its formation making it stronger, more resistant to moisture
and abrasion, more flexible, and more durable . |
|
| |
Legging/Legs: The stringy appearance of adhesive when a
pressure sensitive label is separated from a substrate or its release
liner . It can also occur when the matrix is removed from a die cut
pressure sensitive material . |
|
| |
Letterpress Printing: A printing process in which ink is
applied to a material from the raised portions of printing plates
or from foundry type . |
|
| |
Life Cycle: The length of time that a label is to be used
before it is ultimately discarded . |
|
| |
Lift Tab: A label edge that is not coated with adhesive
and , thereby, allows for easy removal of the label from the release
liner . It is frequently used for order picking labels . |
|
| |
Line Art: Black and white artwork that can be reproduced
as is . |
|
| |
Liner: A paper or film that is a carrier for pressure sensitive
labels . Typically, it has a silicone coating to allow easy removal
of the label . |
|
| |
Lithographic Paper: A paper suitable for lithographic (or
offset) printing . |
|
| |
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|
| |
Machine Direction: The direction of paper in its forward
movement through a paper handling machine or printing press . |
|
| |
Machine Finish: See: Calendar Finish . |
|
| |
Machine Readable: Refers to the scanning of bar code symbology
by a laser scanner or similar device . |
|
| |
Matrix: The face material and adhesive layers of a pressure
sensitive construction surrounding a die cut label which is typically
removed after die cutting . |
|
| |
Matte Litho: A litho paper with a satin finish -- between
high gloss and dull finish -- that is ideal for bar code printing
. |
|
| |
Mechanical Artwork: See: Camera-Ready Art, Line Art, Pasteup
. |
|
| |
Memory: The property of a material that causes it to shrink
or return to its original dimensions after being distorted, die cut,
or subjected to temperature change . For example, vinyl (being very
flexible) has more memory than polystyrene . See also dimensional
Stability . |
|
| |
Metallized Film: A plastic or resinous film that has been
coated on one side with a very thin layer of metal . |
|
| |
Metallized Paper: Paper that has a thick deposit of metallized
particles that resemble a layer of foil . Metallized paper offers
reduced stiffness and better flexibility than metallized film and
has an appearance similar to laminated foil papers . |
|
| |
MICR/Magnetic Ink Character Recognition: The process of
reading characters by means of magnetic sensing . |
|
| |
Migration: (1) The movement of one or more of the components
of a pressure sensitive adhesive to either a substrate or face material
. (2) The movement of one or more of the components of the face material
and/or the substrate into the adhesive and/or ink . (3) The uncontrolled
spread of ink due to improper printing or curing . |
|
| |
Moisture Content: The moisture present in a material . This
is particularly important in liners . |
|
| |
Moisture Equilibrium: The condition reached by a material
when it shows no change in weight, in relation to the amount of moisture
absorbed or desorbed by the material . |
|
| |
Moistureproof: The property of a material which makes it
virtually impervious to moisture . Tyvek® is a moistureproof material
. |
|
| |
Moisture Vapor Transmission: A measure of the rate of water
vapor transmission through a pressure sensitive label . |
|
| |
Mottled Surface/Mottling: Non-uniform appearance or coloring
of a face material -- blotching . |
|
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Multiple-Web Construction: A construction consisting of
two or more face materials and/or adhesives on the same liner . |
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Natural Aging: The change, if any, in a material occurring
from exposure to normal environmental conditions . |
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OCR/Optical Character Recognition: An information processing
technology that involves conversion of imprinted or written data to
another language and medium . |
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Offset/Offsetting: The partial transference of ink from
a freshly printed surface to an adjacent surface -- as that of another
sheet of paper . |
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Offset Printing: A printing process in which a right-reading
image is printed from a plate onto a blanketed cylinder . this mirror
image is then pressed against a printing surface, thus creating the
desired, final image . The term offset applies because the printing
plate never comes in contact with the printing material as it does
in letterpress printing . |
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Ooze: See: Adhesive Bleed, Cold Flow, Flow . |
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Opacity: the measure of the amount of light that can pass
through a material . |
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Orange Peel: The mottled or textured appearance of a label
that can occur from air bubbles trapped between a laminate and face
material . |
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Overcoat: See: Clear Coat, Lacquer, Protective Coating,
Top coat/Top Coating, Varnish . |
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Overlaminate/Overlaminating/Overlamination: The application
of a clear film to label material for the purpose of protection or
to enhance visual quality . |
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Pasteup: See: Camera-Ready Art, Line Art, Mechanical Art
. |
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Pattern Coated Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Pattern Coated . |
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Pattern Gummed Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Pattern Gummed . |
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Patterned Release Coating: See: Release Coating: Patterned
. |
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Peel Adhesion: Peel adhesion is the force required to remove
a pressure sensitive label from a standard test surface at a specified
angle and speed after the label has been applied according to specified
conditions . |
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Penetration: The change in appearance of the face material
due to movement of one or more components from the adhesive or the
substrate . |
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Perforation: Refers to a series of small incisions made
in a material to facilitate tearing or folding along a pre-determined
line . They are measured in TPI's - ties per inch . |
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Permanency: The measure of an adhesive's ultimate holding
power or bonding strength . A bond that makes label removal difficult
or impossible without distorting or destroying the face material . |
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Permanent Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Permanent . |
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Pharmaceutical Litho Stock: A lightweight, uncoated litho
stock with the flexibility and high-performance required for pharmaceutical
applications . |
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Phosphorescent Face Material: A face material coated with
a phosphorescent ink . |
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Phosphorescent Ink: An ink that absorbs and reflects light
and remains luminescent after exposure to a light source has stopped
. It is commercially called Glow-in-the-Dark . |
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Picket Fence: A bar code symbology characterized by vertical
bars and spaces . |
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Piggyback: This type of label consists of a pressure sensitive
label on a pressure sensitive liner . This double-ply label is carried
on a standard release liner . Once the double-ply is applied to a
substrate, the top ply can be removed and applied to yet another substrate
. Typically this kind of label is used for response labels in direct
mail promotions . |
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Pin-Fed Holes: See: Feed Slots, Starburst Holes, Tractor
Feed . |
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Plasticizer: A substance added to polymeric materials to
impart flexibility, workability, and elongation . |
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Plasticizer Migration: The movement of plasticizers from
a plastic into an adhesive or face material, or both . This can cause
degradation of the adhesive and bleed-through of adhesive components
into the face material . |
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Platen: The roller which carries paper through a typewriter
or dot matrix printer and acts as an anvil for impact printing . |
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Pliability: See: Conformability, Flexibility . |
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Polyester: A strong film that is resistant to moisture,
solvents, oils, and chemicals . It is usually transparent, but is
available with a metallized finish . Mylar® is a polyester brand name
. |
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Polyethylene: A tough, stretchy film that is suitable for
use in low temperature applications . It is frequently used for labeling
semi-rigid bottles . |
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Pressure Sensitive Label: A self-adhesive label that is
the die cut, usable part of pressure sensitive material that has been
converted through roll-fed production equipment . The end product
can be produced in rolls, sheets, or fan-folded stacks . |
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Pressure Sensitive Material/Pressure Sensitive Stock: The
combination of face material, pressure sensitive adhesive and release
liner from which pressure sensitive labels are manufactured . Colloquially
referred to as a "sandwich" . |
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Price Mark Labels: Labels for retail and/or wholesale use
that normally carry alpha or numeric character information such as:
unit price, lot number, style number, and SKU number . |
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Prime Label/Primary Label: Usually a descriptive, decorative
product label; the label typically on the front of a container . |
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Primer: A coating applied to face material, on the side
opposite the printing surface, to improve anchorage of the adhesive
and to prevent migration of adhesive components into face material
. |
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Print Resolution: The quality of print; the level of detail
achieved by a printer . Measured in dpi (dots per inch), typical capabilities
are 200 dpi for a thermal transfer printer and 300 dpi for a laser
printer . It is particularly critical in bar code printing . |
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Printout: Information in sheet form which has been generated
by a computer and an automatic printer . |
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Protective Coating: A coating that protects the printing
and the surface of a pressure sensitive label for abrasion, sunlight,
chemicals (their fumes and dilute solutions), and moisture, or a combination
of these . |
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Put-Up: The final form of converted products -- in rolls,
fan-folded stacks, or in bundles . |
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Quick Adhesion: See: Tack . |
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Ream: A number of sheets of paper, either 480 or 500, according
to grade . For purposes of physical testing, a ream is considered
as 500 sheets . |
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Registration: The exact, corresponding placement of successively
printed images and/or successively die cut pressure sensitive labels
. |
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Relative Humidity: The ratio of the amount of moisture in
the air at any temperature to the amount required at that temperature
to saturate the air . |
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Release/Releasing: (1) The act of freeing or separating
a pressure sensitive label form its liner . (2) The force required
to free or separate a pressure sensitive label from its liner . |
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Release Coat: The (silicone) coating on a liner that allows
pressure sensitive labels to be easily removed or dispensed . |
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Release Coat Transfer: A defect resulting from the transfer
of release coat from the liner to the pressure sensitive adhesive
during release . |
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Release Coating: Patterned: Selectively applying release
coat beside non-coated areas, in strips tht run parallel to the machine
direction. This results in a permanent face material/release liner
bond in the non-coated areas . |
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Release Liner: The component of the pressure sensitive label
material which functions as a carrier for the pressure sensitive label
. |
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Usually
silicone coated, it readily separates from the label when the label
is removed for application . |
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Removability: A relative term applied to pressure sensitive
labels to describe the force or condition under which they can be
removed from a substrate . A removable label would be one in which
little or no damage occurs to the substrate or the label upon removal
. |
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Removable Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Removable . |
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Residence Time: See: Dwell/Dwell time . |
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Resin ribbons: The principal component of the binder in
the ribbons is resin . With superior heat resistance, abrasion resistance
and chemical resistance, materials printed with resin type ribbons
can be stored for long periods of time . These ribbons, which are
principally used with film labels, are well suited for use with factory
automation labels, name plates, and caution labels . |
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Resolution: See: Print Resolution . |
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Retail Labels: See: Price Mark Labels . |
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Roll Labels: Pressure sensitive labels that are packaged
in continuous roll form . |
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Rotogravure Printing: See: Gravure Printing . |
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Rubber Based Adhesive: See Adhesive: Rubber Based . |
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Sandwich: Colloquial term for the layered construction of
pressure sensitive material . |
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Saturated Paper: See: Latex Paper/Latex-Impregnated Paper
. |
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Scanability: The quality of a material that allows for precise
printing of bar codes, so as to ensure accurate reading or scanning
of the bar code data . Readings (called percent decode ratings) are
usually measured as a percentage indicating the number of successful
scans out of a total of 100 . |
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Sealer Coat: See: Anchor coat, Barrier coat, Primer, Tie
Coat . |
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Self-Imaging Liner: A specially-coated, pressure-activated
liner that reproduces an exact image of information printed or imprinted
on its corresponding face label . Requires an impact printing method
. |
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Self-Imaging Piggyback: A piggy back label material that
can be imprinted, creating a duplicate label from the second ply of
this double-ply construction . Requires an impact printing method
. |
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Service Temperature: See: Exposure Temperature . |
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Shadows: See: Ghosting/Ghosts . |
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Shear: See: Cohesion, Cohesive Strength, Internal Bond . |
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Sheeted Labels: Finished labels furnished in cut, singular
sheets . This format is most poplular for laser printing . |
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Shelf Life: The period of time during which a product can
be stored under specified conditions and still remain suitable for
use -- normally 6-9 months . |
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Skeleton: See: Ladder, Matrix, Waste . |
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Slit Back: See: Back Slits, Split Back/Split Liner . |
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Slit Face: See: Split Face . |
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Smudge Resistance: The quality or characteristic of a paper
(or plastic) to resist the smearing of ink immediately following printing
or imprinting; directly related to the absorption level of the paper
. |
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Solvent Resistance: The resistance of a material to the
action of specific solvents . |
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Specific Adhesion: The force required to remove a pressure
sensitive label from a specific substrate under specified conditions
. |
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Splice: A method of joining paper or plastic webs within
a pressure sensitive roll to produce an operational continuous web
. |
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Split Face: Slits in face material of a pressure sensitive
product usually for the purpose of facilitating removal . |
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Split Back/Split Liner: Slits in the release liner of a
pressure sensitive label to facilitate its removal by hand . |
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Starburst Holes: Pin-feed holes which are characterized
by jagged edges . |
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Static Cling Label: A label that adheres to a substrate
by static electricity -- no adhesive is necessary . |
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Step Ladder: A bar code symbology characterized by horizontal
bars and spaces . |
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Storage Life: See: Shelf Life . |
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Stretch: See: Elongation . |
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Stub Roll: A roll of pressure sensitive label stock that
is very short in length . |
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Substance/Substance Number: See: Basis, Basis Weight . |
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Substrate: The surface to which a pressure sensitive label
is applied or adhered . |
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Sunlight Resistance: The ability of a material to resist
the deteriorating effects of sunlight, especially ultraviolet and
infrared wavelengths . Also referred to as being "fast to light . |
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Super-Calendered:
See: Calender Finish . |
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Tack: The property of a pressure sensitive label which causes
it to adhere to a surface instantly with a minimum of pressure and
contact time (as measured by TLMI Tester or equivalent equipment)
. |
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Tamper-Resistant Label: A pressure sensitive construction
made with a weak face material so that (attempted) removal of the
label usually results in its destruction . |
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Tear Strength/Tearing Strength: The force required to tear
a label specimen under standardized conditions using an instrument
designed to simulate the tearing encountered under general use conditions
. |
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Tear Tab: An additional area of face material, next to the
release liner of a pressure sensitive label produced in single form
to facilitate removal of the release liner . |
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Tensile Strength: The force parallel to the plane of an
applied label required to break a given width and length of paper
under specified conditions . |
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Thermal Transfer Printing: An imprinting method that uses
heat and pressure to melt a wax-based ink onto a label . |
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Thickness: See: Caliper . |
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Tie Coat: See: Anchor Coat, Barrier Coat, Primer . |
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Tipped-On Labels: A method of label application in which
the carrier is peeled back and the labels fall or "tip" onto the substrate
. |
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Top Coat/Top Coating: A substance coated onto a label material
that will enhance the printing or the appearance of the finished label
. For example, some films are top coated to ensure better ink anchorage
to the surface of the material . |
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Touch Tack: See: Quick Adhesion, Tack . |
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TPI/Ties Per Inch: In perforations, the number of material
ties that exist between each hole . |
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Transfer Tape: A coating of pressure sensitive adhesive
applied to a liner that is release-coated on both sides . This allows
a user to apply the tape to a surface and remove the liner, leaving
only the adhesive on the surface . |
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Tractor Feed: See: Feed Slots, Pin-Fed Holes, Starburst
Holes . |
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Transparency: That property of a material which transmits
light rays so that objects can be clearly seen through the material
. |
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Transparent Label: A pressure sensitive label of which the
face material, adhesive, and protective coatings transmit light so
that objects can be seen through it . |
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Tyvek®: The brand name of DuPont's imprintable material
originally developed for automobile seat belt labels . It is virtually
indestructible and highly moisture-resistant . |
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Varnish: A heat-cured coating of one or more materials applied
to a face material for protection and/or decoration . |
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Vegetable Parchment: A grease-resistant, water-resistant
paper resembling animal parchment . It is made by passing unsized
paper through sulphuric acid in order to gelantinize its surface;
then, it is washed and dried . |
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Waste: See: Ladder, Matrix, Skeleton . |
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Water Soluble Adhesive: See: Adhesive: Water Soluble . |
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Wax resin ribbons: The binder used with these ribbons includes
both wax (30-70%) and thermoplastic resin . Through the formation
of multiple layers in the ink layer, these ribbons provide both the
excellent printing transferability of the wax and the superior durability
of the resin . In comparison with wax type ribbons, wax resin type
ribbons offer superior abrasion resistance . AS a result, reliability
is improved, and these ribbons are widely used with both paper label
are synthetic paper labels . Wax resin ribbons are ideal for such
applications such as distribution control labels . |
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Wax ribbons: The binder is about 50-90% wax . The melting
characteristics of the wax are used to provide excellent ink transferability,
and these ribbons are primarily used for printing on paper labels
. However, wax type labels offer poor heat and abrasion resistance,
so they are unsuitable for printing images that will be stored for
long period of time . |
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Weatherability: The capability of a material to withstand
the effects of weather . |
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Web: A continuous sheet of pliable manufactured material
. |
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Web Width: The measurement of the web that is perpendicular
to the machine direction . Typically refers to the width of the liner
or carrier . |
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| |
Wrinkling: The puckering or creasing of a pliable material
that can result from environmental conditions and/or manufacturing
situations . |
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Yellowing: A defect characterized by a gradual color change
in the original appearance of white paper; the development of yellowish
or brownish hues . |
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